Books

Instrumentation in Nuclear Medicine, Vol I and II. Ed. Gerald Hine and James Sorenson. Academic Press Inc, New York, London 1974. ISBN 0-12-349452’4

Quality Control in Nuclear Medicine. Ed. B.A.Rhodes. The C. V. Mosby Company, Saint Louis 1977.

Symposium on use of Indicator – Dilution Technics in the study of the Circulation. Ed by Earl H. Wood. American Heart Association, Inc, New York 1962

Radionuclide Imaging in Medicine, Theory and Practice. Peter C. Jackson, Bristol General Hospital. Farrand Press. London. 1986. ISBN 1-85083-003-7

Mathematical Techniques in Nuclear Medicine. Report No.73. The Institution of Physics and Medicine and Biology. Ed. By S.T. Chandler and W. H.

Thomson- ISBN 0904 181847

Physics in Nuclear Medicine. J. Sorenson and M. Phelps. Grune and Stratton. 1987. ISBN 0-8089-1804-4

The Introduction to Emission Computed Tomography. Published by The Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine- England- September 1982. ISBN 0 904181 006

Calibradores de Actividad. CNEA – AC 12/86 Buenos Aires 1986.

Nuclear Medicine, Technology and Techniques. D.R.Bernier, P.E.Christian and J.K.Langan. Ed Mosby, Third Edition, 1994. ISBN 0-8016-7060-8

Image Processing for Quantita tive Scintillation Camera . Imaging. Application to

Radionuclide Therapy. Katarina Sjögreen – Tesis Lund University

Internal Radiation Dosimetry – 1994 – Health Physics Summer School. University of California, Davis. Medical Phsics Publishing. ISBN 0944838-47-2.

Principles of Nuclear Medicine. P.J. Early and D.Bruce Sodee. 1995, Mosby. ISBN O-8016-2577-7

H. Wagner, Z. Szabo and J.W. Buchanan. W.B. Saunders Company. 1995. ISBN 0-7216-9091-2

Nuclear Medicine. Ed. J.H. Thrall and H. A. Ziessman. 1995. Mosby.

Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine. M. Sandler, J. Patton, et al.. 1996. Williams and Wilkins. ISBN 0-683-07503-9

Textbook of Nuclear Medicine. Ed. M. Wilson. 1997. Lippincott – Raven. Philadelphia

Monte Carlo calculations in Nuclear Medicine. Application in Diagnostic Imaging. Ed by Michael Ljungberg, Sven-Erik Strand and Michael King. Institute of Physics Publishing

Ltd 1998. ISBN 07503 0479 0

The Sentinel Node in Surgical Oncology. M.R.S. Keshtgar et al. Spinger-Verlag 1999. ISBN 3-540-65176-4

Nuclear Oncology, Diagnosis and Treatement. J. C. Maublant, S. Goldsmith. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Philadelphia. 2000. ISBN 0-7817-1990-9.

Investigation of PET Image Reconstruction and Data Correction Techniques with Emphasis on an accelerated Monte Carlo Simulation for correction and evaluation

of PET- Clay Houghton Holdsworth- Los Angeles, California 2002

Therapeutic Applications of Monte Carlo Calculations in Nuclear Medicine. Ed by Habib Zaidi and G. Sgouros. Institute of Physics in Medical Physics and Biomedical

Engineering, IOP Publishing Ltd 2003. ISBN 0 7503 816 8

Clinical Molecular Anatomic Imaging. PET, PET/CT and SPECT/CT. Ed. G. Schulthess. 2003. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-4144-0

The role of PET/CT and SPECT/CT in Medical, Radiation, Surgical and Nuclear Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. 2004

Oncología Nuclear J. M. Castro y J P Oliva Gonzalez. Ed. Meitécnica S.L,- Madrid 2006. ISBN 84-611-0760-8

Nuclear Medicine. Ed. R.E. Henkin. 2006. ISBN-10: 0-323-02898-5

PET Molecular Imaging and its Biological Applications. Ed. M.E.Phelps. Springer Verlag New York. ISBN 0-387-40359-0

PET Physics, Instrumentation and Scanners, Ed.M.E.Phelps. 2006 Springer. ISBN-13: 978-0387-32302-2

Quantitative Analysis in Nuclear Medicine Imaging. Ed. Habib Zaidi. 2006 Spriner ISBN- 13: 978-0387-23854-8

MEDICINA NUCLEAR. Aplicaciones Clínicas , Carrió, I. / González, P. , ISBN: 9788445812914.  ; 2003

LOS REQUISITOS EN RADIOLOGÍA: Medicina nuclear. Fundamentos ,   Ziessman, HA. / O´Malley, J.P. / Thrall, J.H. ISBN: 9788480862240 ; 2007

ALGORITMOS EN DIAGNÓSTICO POR LA IMAGEN . Sopena, R. / Martí-Bonmartí, L. / Vilar, J.  ISBN: 9788445815731  ;   2005

TÉCNICAS DE EXPLORACIÓN EN MEDICINA NUCLEAR. Ciclo Formativo Imagen para el Diagnóstico    Caterina Casado Latorre; César Díaz García; Endika Bengoetxea

Castro; Francisco Javier ISBN: 9788445814;  2004

NUCLEAR MEDICINE IMAGING IN BENIGN BONE AND JOINT DISEASES. Minoves, M. / Riera, E. ISBN: 9788445814123 ; 2005

ONCOLOGIA NUCLEAR. de CASTRO-BEIRAS, JOSE MANUEL y OLIVA GONZALEZ, JUAN PERFECTO. AUTOR-EDITOR, 2006

Neuroimagen Nuclear  de CASTRO-BEIRAS, JOSE MANUEL y OLIVA GONZALEZ, JUAN PERFECTO. AUTOR-EDITOR, 2009

Reports

AAPM

AAPM Report 108, “AAPM Task Group 108: PET and PET/CT shielding requirements, Medical Physics, Vol. 33, Issue 1”, ISBN 9781-888340-594,

2006 http://aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_108.pdf

AAPM Report 22, 1987 Rotating Scintillation Camera SPECT Acceptance Testing and Quality Control http://aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_22.pdf

AAPM Report 52, “Quantitation of SPECT Performance”, 1995. http://aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_52.pdf

AAPM Report 71, “A primer for Radioimmunotherapy and Radionuclide Therapy”, ISBN 9781-888340-297, 2001. http://aapm.org/pubs/reports/RPT_712.pdf

IAEA

Technical Report Series No. 454, “Quality Assurance for Radioactivity Measurements in Nuclear Medicine, STI/DOC/010/454, IAEA, Vienna, 2006

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TRS454_web.pdf

IAEA Quality Control Atlas for Scintillation Camera Systems, STI/PUB/1141, IAEA, Vienna, 2003

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1141_web.pdf

Nuclear Medicine Resource Manual, STI/PUB/1198, IAEA, Vienna, 2006

Safety Report Series No. 40, “Applying Radiation Safety Standards in Nuclear Medicine”, STI/PUB/1207, IAEA, Vienna, 2005

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1207_web.pdf

ICRP www.icrp.org  

ICRP-106 Radiation Dose to Patients from Radiopharmaceuticals: Addendum 3 to ICRP Publication 53, JAICRP 38(1-2), 2008.

ICRP-107 Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations, JAICRP 38(3), 2008.

ICRP-80 Radiation Dose to Patients from Radiopharmaceuticals: Addendum 2 to ICRP Publication 53, JAICRP 28(3), 1998.

ICRP-88 Doses to the Embryo and Fetus from Intakes of Radionuclides by the Mother, JAICRP 31(1-3), 2001.

ICRP-94 Release of Patients after Therapy with Unsealed Radionuclides, JAICRP 34(2), 2004.

ICRP-95 Doses to infants from radionuclides ingested in mothers’ milk, JAICRP 34(3-4), 2004.

IEC www.iec.ch 

IEC 61303 “Medical electrical equipment – Radionuclide calibrators – Particular methods for describing performance.

IEC 61675-1:2008, “Radionuclide Imaging Devices – Characteristics and test conditions – Part 1: Positron emission Tomography”.

IEC TR 61948-1:2001, “Nuclear medicine instrumentation – Routine tests – Part 1: Radiation counting systems”

IEC TR 61948-3:2005, “Nuclear medicine instrumentation – Routine tests – Part 3: Positron emission tomographs”

IEC TR 61948-4 “Nuclear medicine instrumentation – Routine tests – Part 4: Radionuclide calibrators.

IEC: 1998 (E) 61675-3, Radionuclide Imaging Devices – Characteristics and test Conditions – Part 3: Gamma Camera based whole body imaging systems

IEC: 1998 + A1:2004(E) 61675-2, Radionuclide Imaging Devices – Characteristics and Test Conditions – Part 2: Single Photon emission computed tomographs

IEC: 2005 60789, Medical Electrical Equipment – Characteristics and Test Conditions of Radionuclide Imaging Devices – Anger Type Gamma Cameras

IPEM http://www.ipem.org.uk/ipem_public/  

IPEM 2003, Report No. 86 Quality Control of Gamma Camera Systems, Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, Ed: Alison Bolster

IPEM Report 85, “Radioactive Sample Counting: Principles and Practice”, ISBN 0-90-4181-99-5, 2002

IPEM Report 87, “Basics of Gamma Camera Positron Emission Tomography”, ISBN 1-90-3613-18-3, 2004.

NEMA http://www.nema.org/  

NEMA NU 1:2007, “Performance Measurements of Gamma Cameras”, NEMA, 2007

NEMA NU 2-2007, “Performance Measurements of Positron Emission Tomographs”, NEMA, 2007

NEMA NU3-2004, “Performance Measurements and Quality Control Guidelines for Non-Imaging Intra-operative Gamma Probes”, NEMA, 2004.

EU

Radiation Protection No. 91, “Criteria for Acceptability for Radiological (including Radiotherapy) and Nuclear Medicine Installations” ), European Union,

Directorate-General, Environment, Nuclear Safety and Civil Protection, 1997.

Radiation Protection No. 97, “Radiation Protection following Iodine-131 therapy (exposures due to out-patients and discharged in-patients),

European Union, Directorate-General, Environment, Nuclear Safety and Civil Protection, 1998.

Others:

Dietzel G., “Quality Control of PET labelled Agents by TLC, GC and HPLC”, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry”, Vol. 257, No.1 (2003), pp. 187-189

Halkar R. K. and Aarsvold J. N. “Intraoperative probes”, Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, Vol. 27, No. 3, September 1999, pp. 188-192.

Nakao R., et al, “Quality Control of PET Radiopharmaceuticals using HPLC with Electrochemical Detection”, Nuclear Medicine and Biology, 33 (2006), pp. 441-447

Saha, G. B., “Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy”, Fifth Edition, Springer, ISBN 0-387-40360-4, 2003.

Wengenmair H., Kopp J., “Gamma Probes for Sentinel Lymph Node Localization: Quality Criteria, Minimal Requirements and Quality of Commercially

Available Systems”, http://www.sln-kompetenzzentrum.de/gammaprobes.pdf

Yu S. K., et al., “Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Node Localisation: Evaluation Study”, J Hong Kong College of Radiologists, 2005, 8:40-48.

Resources for “Internal Radionuclide Radiation Dosimetry”

1. Standardized methods for obtaining human and animal data for use in dosimetry calculations.
   • MIRD Pamphlet No. 16, Siegel J, Thomas S, Stubbs J, Stabin M, Hays M, Koral K, Robertson J, Howell R, Wessels B, Fisher D, Weber D, Brill A. MIRD
     Pamphlet No 16 – Techniques for Quantitative Radiopharmaceutical Biodistribution Data Acquisition and Analysis for Use in Human Radiation Dose
     Estimates. J Nucl Med 40:37S-61S, 1999. (Not sure if we can just put a pdf reprint on a web site – we need permission from the journal, as they
     get income from reprint requests).
2. Standardized dose estimates for many radiopharmaceuticals – adults and pediatric subjects.
   • ICRP Publications 53 , 80, and 106. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Radiation Dose Estimates for Radiopharmaceuticals.
     ICRP Publications 53 , 80, and 106with addenda. Pergammon Press, 1983-1991 and Elsevier Science, 2007.
   • Dose estimates for many, per unit administered activity, and per study (assuming typical amounts of activity administered) on the RADAR
     Web site (http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/NMdoses.xls). Includes brief description of biokinetic models underlying the calculations.
3. Standardized dose estimates for many radiopharmaceuticals – pregnant women.
   • Russell JR and Stabin MG, Sparks RB and Watson EE. Radiation Absorbed Dose to the Embryo/Fetus from Radiopharmaceuticals.
     Health Phys 73(5):756-769, 1997.
   • Dose estimates for many, per unit administered activity, and per study (assuming typical amounts of activity administered) on the RADAR
     Web site (http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/pregtables.doc).
4. Dose estimates for unique cases for the pregnant patient – dose to fetal thyroid, dose to hyperthyroid patients, conception following administration of radioiodines.
   • All data, with references, on the RADAR web site (http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/RADAR-INT-NM.html).
5. Decay data for dose calculations: A number of sources of radionuclide decay data are available in paper form, for example:
   • The 1989 MIRD compendium , Weber D.; Eckerman K.; Dillman L.T.; Ryman J. MIRD: radionuclide data and decay schemes. Society of Nuclear Medicine,
     New York, NY; 1989.
   • ICRP Publication 38, International Commission on Radiological Protection. Radionuclide transformations - energy and intensity of emissions,
     ICRP Publication 38, Pergamon Press, Oxford; 1983.
   • The 2002 RADAR compendium , Stabin MG, da Luz CQPL. New Decay Data For Internal and External Dose Assessment, Health Phys. 83(4):471-475, 2002.
   • ICRP Publication 107, International Commission on Radiological Protection. Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations, ICRP Publication 107.,Elsevier;
     2009.

Several on-line sources are also available:

• JAERI (http://www.jaeri.go.jp/)

• Brookhaven National Laboratory (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/)

• National Institute of Standards and Technology (http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/ contents.html)

• Lund University (http://nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se/nucleardata/toi/index.asp)

· 2002 RADAR compendium (http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/RADARDecay.html).

1. Specific absorbed fractions for standard anthropomorphic phantoms – adult, pediatric, pregnant female.
   • Adult and pediatric: Cristy, M. and Eckerman, K. (1987): Specific absorbed fractions of energy at various ages from internal photons sources.
     ORNL/TM-8381 V1-V7. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.
   • Pregnant female: Stabin M, Watson E, Cristy M, Ryman J, Eckerman K, Davis J, Marshall D., Gehlen K. Mathematical models and
     specific absorbed fractions of photon energy in the nonpregnant adult female and at the end of each trimester of pregnancy.
     ORNL Report ORNL/TM-12907, 1995.
   • New realistic Pregnant Female models: Med Phys. 2008 Jul;35(7):3215-24.
   • Electronic tables of all specific absorbed fractions available on the RADAR web site (http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/RADARphan.html).
2. “Dose Calculators” for standard radiology and nuclear medicine exams, with consent language provided.
   • Duke Radiation Safety Committee, http://www.safety.duke.edu/RadSafety/consents/ irbcf_asp /adults/default.asp.
   • RADAR web site, http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/RADARDoseRiskCalc.html.
3. Didactic information about internal dose calculations.
   • MIRD Primer, Loevinger, R., T.F. Budinger, and E.E. Watson, MIRD Primer for Absorbed Dose Calculations, The Society of Nuclear Medicine, New York (1988).
   • Stabin MG. Internal Radiation Dosimetry. Nuclear Medicine, 2nd Ed., Vol 1, Chapter 22, 313-331, edited by RE Henkin, MA Bales,
     GL Dillahay, JR Halema, SM Karesh, RH Wagner, AM Zimmer. Published by Mosby, St. Louis, MO, 2006.
   • Pat B. Zanzonico. Internal Radionuclide Radiation Dosimetry: A Review of Basic Concepts and Recent Developments. J Nucl Med 41: 297-308.
   • M. G. Stabin and J. A. Siegel. Physical Models and Dose Factors for Use in Internal Dose Assessment. Health Physics, 85(3):294-310, 2003.
   • M. Stabin. Fundamentals of Nuclear Medicine Dosimetry, Springer, New York, 2008.
4. Overview of all internal dose literature of MIRD, RADAR, ICRP, NCRP, and others: RADAR web page, http://www.doseinfo-radar.com/RADARLit.html.

Other on-line resources

http://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/InformationFor/HealthProfessionals/3_NuclearMedicine/index.htm

http://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/Content/AdditionalResources/Training/1_TrainingMaterial/index.htm

From: http://www.sfpm.asso.fr/

Détecteurs en médecine nucléaire : contrôle de qualité et nouvelles techniques (EPU Fac X. Bichat (APHP)). 03/1996. Ref 11.

Traitement et analyse des données en médecine nucléaire. SFPM-SFBMN. 03/2002. Ref 0.

Dosimétrie des explorations diagnostiques en médecine nucléaire. SFPM. Groupe de travail "Dosimétrie des explorations diagnostiques en médecine nucléaire".
03/2002. Ref 19. 

Etalonnage et controle de qualité des activimètres. SFPH-CEA/DAMRI. 03/1995. Ref 10.

Evaluation des performances et contrôle de qualité des caméras à scintillations : mode planaire (1ère partie). Commission "Contrôle de qualité en médecine nucléaire".
12/1992. Ref 7

Evaluation des performances et contrôle de qualité des caméras à scintillations : mode tomographique (2ème partie). Commission "Contrôle de qualité en médecine
nucléaire". 06/1996. Ref 12

Evaluation des performances et contrôle de qualité des caméras à scintillations : mode corps entier (3ème partie). Commission "Contrôle de qualité
en médecine nucléaire". 1997. Ref 14.

Le rôle et les besoins en radiophysiciens dans le service de médecine nucléaire. Mise à jour de la version de 1992. Commission "Médecine nucléaire". 12/1998. Réf : 15.

From http://www.sefm.es/documentos_publicaciones.php

SEFM/SEPR/SEMN 1999 / Protocolo Nacional de Control de Calidad en la Instrumentación en Medicina Nuclear.

SEFM 2002 / Informe sobre medios recomendados humanos y materiales de las unidades de radiofisica para Medicina Nuclear y radiodiagnóstico.

Papers

Shortt K, Davidsson L, Hendry J, Dondi M, Andreo P.
International perspectives on quality assurance and new techniques in radiation medicine: outcomes of an IAEA conference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;71
(1 Suppl):S80-4.

Risse JH, Ponath C, Palmedo H, Menzel C, Grünwald F, Biersack HJ. Radiation exposure and radiation protection of 
the physician in iodine-131 Lipiodol therapy of liver tumours. Eur J Nucl Med. 2001 Jul;28(7):914-8. PubMed PMID: 11504090.